Occurrence and control of ginger and ginger blast and ginger stem borer
发布时间:[2018-3-15 14:55:3] 浏览量:4106次
Ginger diseases and insect pests are mainly ginger blast, spot disease, root rot, anthracnose, ginger borer, ground tiger, heteromorpha, thrips and so on, while ginger blast and ginger borer are the most important and most dangerous 2 pests.
1. Ginger plague. The disease, also known as ginger rot, is the most common destructive disease in the production of ginger, and is also the main factor restricting the production and quality of ginger. In recent years, our county has retransmission, according to the survey statistics, the average infection rate was 19.3%, serious plots up to 49.6% individual plots even crops, the yield loss caused by this disease each year up to 40 thousand tons.
1, symptom recognition: the disease mainly damage the ginger stem leaves and roots, stems, was a dark purple, the internal organization of brown rot, only residual fiber. Most of the leaves curl at the back of the leaf first, the leaf is drooping, the vascular bundle becomes brown, and the plant leaves dead, but the plants stand upright and do not fall in lodging. A few serious plant leaves turn from bottom to yellow. The roots at the early stage of the disease were water soaked and brown, after the internal organization gradually rotten, only residual skin disease of visible white extrusion bacteria pus overflow from the vascular bundles, remoal from roots rotten and stink. When the root is damaged, it is also pale yellowish brown and eventually rotten.
2, incidence of pathogenic bacteria in roots and soil in winter, generally in the soil can survive more than 2 years, the seed ginger is the major primary infection source, important infection source of the disease is the soil of ginger blast. In my county general ginger at the end of May early June started in mid June field investigation visible sporadic center, the end of June to mid July for multiple period of the disease, because this period of high temperature, rain, invasion and provide favorable conditions for the expansion of breeding bacteria. Therefore, in the years of high temperature and rainy days, it often causes the disease in a short period of time, and the harm is serious. From late July to mid September for the onset of the disease stage, the field plots were visible brown, serious could all died.
3, the method of prevention and control: the spread of the ginger disease is more, the period of the disease is long, and the prevention is more difficult. At present, there is no ideal medicine. Therefore, we should take agricultural control measures as the main body, combine physical control with pesticide control, so as to cut off the way of transmission and control the occurrence and spread of diseases as far as possible.
⑴农业防治。 Strict selection of ginger without disease and implementation of rotation for more than 4 years, combined with fine management, applying fertilizer and watering, can cut off the way of soil microbial transmission, and reduce the incidence of the disease to a minimum.
The physical control. The field has the incidence, to achieve early detection and early treatment, the incidence of local farmers generally center and its surrounding soil and were sealed with plastic film, and in the range of 1 meters around the applicator with lime disinfection, can greatly reduce the spread of the disease and spread.
The chemical control. The choice of some drugs such as kill bacteria, 72% streptomycin powder 2000 times or 80% pioneer sterilization WP 800 times or 70% kocide WP 1500 times liquid root irrigation control, each cluster of ginger root 250 grams each irrigation liquid, spraying once every 7-10 days, you can even spray 3-4 times.
Two, ginger borer. Ginger worm aka borer is a polyphagous pest, ginger, from emergence to harvest before they can cause harm, in normal years the insect in ginger field damage strain rate of 2-5%, such as the lack of control can achieve the hazard rate of more than 10%.
1, occurrence: ginger worm larvae mainly feeding larvae hatched, 2-3 days away from the ground 1-5 cm above the leaf sheath and stem or leaves into the slot, and a bore hole into the obvious. When larvae enter into the soil, they feed upward and feed, resulting in hollow stems, impeding the transportation of water nutrition. The damaged leaves become thin film, and there are residual feces, irregular food holes on the leaves, and stems and leaf sheaths are often bitten into ring marks. Seedling damaged upper leaf withered or cause stem broken while the lower leaves are generally normal, so you can see the field investigation on dry green plants for ginger borer damage. Then find out the insect, peel off the stem, and can be seen are feeding larvae. The larval body is about 1-3 centimeters long, and the larvae are milky white before 3 years of age and are pale yellow or brown when they are old.
2, the method of prevention and control
The artificial capture. Because the worm is damaged by drilling, the effect of general insecticides is not very good, especially the resistance of the old larvae is strong. The method of artificial catching is advocated. In the morning, it is found that there are newly damaged plants in the field.
The chemical control. The larva has the strongest resistance before 2 years of age. Therefore, it should be advocated to treat early treatment and to prevent and control spraying at the right time. Agent should be selected with 15% DuPont hits SC 4000-5000 times liquid, or 5% fipronil was 3000-4000 times liquid or a network into 20% EC 2000-2500 times liquid spray on field plant, also injected pest control agents available above.
